Mastering Playwright hooks is key to maintaining a clean and reliable automated test suite.
The beforeEach and afterEach hooks run before and after each test respectively and are ideal for per-test setup and cleanup, such as logging in, preparing test data, or restoring the application state.
The beforeAll and afterAll hooks run once per test suite and are used for global setup tasks such as deploying shared data, initializing external services, or creating expensive resources that don't need to be repeated before each test.
Best practices to avoid flaky tests: keep hooks small and deterministic, avoid implicit dependencies between tests, always clean up created data, use reasonable timeouts, prefer repeatable fixtures, and mock external services when possible to reduce failures from external factors.
Practical usage examples: use beforeEach to open a page and position the DOM in a known state; use afterEach to delete users created during the test; use beforeAll to initialize a temporary database or start a test server; use afterAll to release those resources and prevent leaks that affect other suites.
Organization tips: group related tests with describe or suites to apply beforeAll and afterAll only where they add value; avoid putting too much logic in hooks because it makes reading and debugging harder; document the dependencies of each hook and write tests that can run in parallel if your infrastructure allows it.
If you work with Playwright and TypeScript, take advantage of type functions and test fixture utilities to get autocompletion and static checks that reduce errors in hooks and in tests overall.
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